Protest and Civil Resistance
Discussion of protest movements, labour action, student mobilisation, public courage and lessons from collective action. This area focuses on how societies organise for change through civil means.
Constitutional-era bast/sit-in, 1906.
The constitutional-era bast of 1906 records Iranians using collective, largely non-violent action to press for political change. It is not presented as a template for today's tactics. Its relevance is historical continuity: civic resistance, public mobilisation and demands for limits on power have long formed part of Iran's political experience.
Public domain in Iran (Article 16 — 30+ years since publication, per Wikimedia Commons). · Image source & licence